Pc Gun Requirements

Gun is a historical action-adventure game published by Activision and released for several video gaming consoles, including the PC. Gun is set in the era of the American old west of 1880, where players control skilled marksman Colton in an open-ended frontier filled with villains and bandits. The game was originally released in November 2005, so while Gun needs minimum system requirements to play the PC version, most of its specifications can be met by most modern computers on the market.

Processor

Gun requires at least a Pentium III with 1.8 gigahertz (GHz) processor or better to run the game. Alternatively, it can also use an Athlon XP 1800+ or greater processor for Gun. The processor is also known as the CPU, and is the primary component of a PC that handles information sent between the software and the computer hardware. Having a higher processor will result in the ability to run Gun at higher quality settings without experiencing any game lag.

RAM

The minimum random access memory (RAM) needed to run Gun for the PC is 256 megabytes (MB). The RAM is an essential hardware component for determining how much information can be processed at one time by the CPU. Higher RAM will result in greater amounts of processed game data and ultimately create smoother game play. Today's modern PCs can hold RAM chips that go into the gigabyte range.

Video Card

The video card needed to run Gun for the PC needs to be compatible with DirectX 9.0c as well as be capable of 3-D acceleration. Additionally, your video card's memory should be at least 32 MB and can handle transformation and lighting (T&L) for graphical rendering. Having the latest video card with a higher memory installed on your PC will enable Gun to run smoothly at higher quality visual settings.

Tags: higher quality, video card, will result

Find Gun Stocks To Buy

Whenever a new administration takes office the stock market fluctuates accordingly. This is true or any type of stocks, and gun stocks are no different. Because of this, that is the best time to make a short-term (maybe 6 months) investment in gun stocks, before stock-market upheavals on all levels occur.

Instructions

1. Determine how much money you wish to invest.

2. Go online, or go to a public library to find information on which gun companies are listed on the various Stock Exchanges. (Some of the better-known companies are Smith and Wesson, Colt and Remington. However, these are not the only companies. Look for several different ones.)

3. Narrow your choices down to the two companies who are offering the best return on your investment at this time.

4. Research each company, noting how the stocks have done over the past 30-90 days, and what projections are being made, and whether or not stocks can be bought (or you can afford to purchase stock in that particular company at this time).

5. Once you have made your decision as to which gun and/or ammunition manufacturer to invest with, and determined that you can indeed purchase stock, make your purchase.

6. Keep up with your stock on a very regular basis (weekly is best). Remember that this is a short-term investment, so you want to remain well-informed.

Tags: purchase stock, this time

Difference Between T8 & T12 Lamps

The T8 lamp has supplanted the T12 as the standard for fluorescent lighting fixtures. Lamps are the fluorescent equivalent of incandescent light bulbs. Does this Spark an idea?

Tube Diameter

The "T" number is the diameter of the lamp, measured in eighths of an inch. So a T8 lamp is 1 inch in diameter, while a T12 lamp is 1.5 inches.

Efficiency

The narrower a fluorescent lamp, the more energy efficient it is. Replacing T12 lamp systems with T8 systems can produce energy savings of up to 40 percent, according to lamp manufacturer Universal Lighting Technologies.

Brightness

The difference in light output between T8 and T12 lamps of equal size and comparable wattage is all but indistinguishable to the eye. However, the T8 uses less power to produce light.

Compatability

T8 lamps and ballasts--the transformer that moderates the current to the lamp--are designed to fit in the same fixtures as those for T12s.

Cost

As of early 2010, there was little cost difference between the two types of lamps, but that will change as manufacturers phase out T12 technology. The National Lighting Bureau, a consortium of manufacturers, considers the technology outdated.

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Be A Sniper In "Ragnarok"

Ragnarok Online is a free to play massively multi-player role-playing game (MMORPG) set in the world of Rune Midgard. The game features 2D character sprites set on a 3D background. There are over 40 playable character classes in the game. One of the classes in the game is a Sniper. A sniper uses a bow and arrows to attack enemies from a distance. The Sniper job is not unlocked for a character unless they first become an archer then a hunter.

Instructions

1. Level up by fighting monsters, such as Porings and Drops, until base level 10 and job level 10. Place all of your skill points into the "Basic Skill." You will not be able to change jobs if you have unused skill points.

2. Visit the Archer Guild, located north of Payon, to change into an archer. Speak to the guildsman to receive a quest. You will be asked to hunt various types of trunks. Trunks may be obtained from the Willow monster, east of Payon. Submit the trunks to the guildsman to become an archer. Note that if renewal is implemented on the Ragnarok server you play on, you will not need to perform the quest as you'll as the guildsman will automatically transform your character into an archer if you speak to him.

3. Raise your character's job level to at least 40 by fighting monsters. If desired, you may level up until job 50 if you want the extra skill points. Place all your points into archer skills as you will be unable to change jobs if you have unused skill points.

4. Visit the hunter's guild in Hugel. Talk to the guildmaster to receive the job change quest. The quest will consist of a personality assessment, item gathering and fighting test. Once you have successfully completed the entire test, your character will become a hunter. If help is needed with the test, view a hunter job change guide (see Resources).

5. Fight monsters until your character reaches base level 99 and job level 50. Place all unused skill points into hunter skills.

6. Rebirth your character into a level 1/1 novice. Rebirthing the character will reset all their status points and skills, however, a bonus will be gained to hit points and skill points. The character will also be able to change into a sniper as their second job. Your character will need exactly 1,285,000 zeny and is required to be at 0 weight to rebirth. The rebirth quest begins by clicking on the Book of Ymir, in the building located at the upper-left portion of Juno. For help with the process, view a walkthrough (see Resources).

7. Fight monsters until your character is job level 10 again. Return to the Archer Guild and speak to the guildsman. He will tell you that you look familiar and turn you into a high archer.

8. Train until your character is either job level 40 or job level 50, as you did as a normal archer. Click on the Book of Ymir. Speak to the Sniper NPC to become a Sniper.

Tags: skill points, your character, character will, into archer, level level, points into

Parts Of A Muffler

The three most common types of mufflers are absorption muffler, diffusion muffler and a cancellation muffler.

The muffler is the part of a vehicle's exhaust system that lessens the noise and reduces emissions created by the car's engine. Another important function of the muffler is to allow exhaust waste to blow out of the internal combustion system of the vehicle's engine. Without a muffler, a vehicle is extremely loud and releases unsafe emissions into the air. A vehicle with no muffler also builds up impurities in the engine which will cause it to work harder, yet less efficiently. The end result is that the engine will fail at a much faster rate.

Tubes

An absorption muffler uses one straight perforated tube wrapped in a material that deafens sound. The exhaust emissions travel through the tube without resistance and the various frequencies are absorbed by the material surrounding the perforated tube. A diffusion muffler divides the flow of exhaust gases along a series of tubes, which are also known as baffles. Since the flow of exhaust follows a longer path it loses energy and the sound frequency is lowered.

Inlet and Outlet Pipes

Inlet and outlet pipes are short pipes that go into the main chamber of the muffler. They are perforated with thousands of tiny holes which let pressure pulses bounce around in the main chamber. Sound frequencies cancel each other out to some extent in addition to being absorbed by the muffler's housing.

Resonating Chamber

The Hemholtz chamber, invented by a German scientist, is also known as a resonating chamber. This type of muffler is rarely used alone. It usually functions along with one of the other two muffler types. Other names for the resonating chamber are back box or silencer. The hollow resonating chamber silences the loud noise which come the engine's combustion system through a process known as destructive interference. Destructive interference basically means that the chamber uses the various vibrations and resonance from the engine against each other, resulting in the noise to canceling itself out.

Tags: resonating chamber, absorption muffler, also known, combustion system, diffusion muffler, each other

Paramilitary Weapons

Fully automatic weapons are illegally stockpiled by paramilitary groups.

Assault rifles are the preferred weapons of America's paramilitary extremists, according to Violence Policy Center, a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit public charity dedicated to decreasing the annual number of deaths attributable to guns. Additional paramilitary weapons include knives, bayonets and grenades. Study local and state weapons laws prior to obtaining any paramilitary weapons. Consult qualified experts before handling weapons.

Guns

Submachine guns are fully-automatic weapons that fire pistol ammunition, usually 9 mm rounds. Many militant groups stockpile submachine guns, although fully automatic firearms are difficult to legally obtain. Semi-automatic guns are more readily available but less coveted.

Automatic weapons can be legally purchased after obtaining a Class III Federal Firearms License, although the licensing process is rather detailed, involving fingerprints, photographs and background investigations. Once licenses are granted, an agent from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms visits the licensee's home to ensure he has a theft-resistant safe and security system that meets standards. Paramilitary organizations commonly obtain comparatively easily available assault rifles and convert them into fully automatic weapons.

Violence Policy Center reports gun control laws are lax as a whole, widely differing from one geographic region to the next, resulting in paramilitary groups obtaining large numbers of guns from sources such as pawn shops. Assault weapons commonly obtained include the AR-15A2, M100P carbine, Ruger Mini-14, Street Sweeper and Uzi.

Knives

Trench knives are available at gun shows and by mail order. They combine brass knuckles with large fixed blades that are usually either dagger or bowie style. Knuckle protection is equipped with lugs or spikes, maximizing damage that can be inflicted by punches. Trench knives are illegal to possess virtually everywhere in the U.S. due to brass knuckles incorporated into the design.

Bayonets

Bayonets were originally mounted on rifle barrels but evolved to be used in hand-to-hand combat. They come in diverse sizes and shapes, including World War I models resembling short swords. More recent models include the U.S. Marine Corps Ka-Bar combat knife. Spike bayonets continue to be used in combination with rifles, attached to hinges under barrels or inserted directly into muzzles.

Bayonets usually have single sharp edges and are very durable. Their practicality as weapons is debated, however, as they are bulky and require certain levels of skill to be used effectively.

Grenades

Hand grenades, rifle grenades and grenade cartridges are weapons used among paramilitary groups. Preferred types of such grenades include fragmentation, gas, stun and smoke.

Fragmentation grenades are heavy and very deadly when used within enclosed areas. Gas grenades are usually used in canister form and include tear and nerve gas. Stun grenades fall into two categories, stun ball and flash bang, and are used in critical crowd-control situations, such as prison riots. Smoke grenades are used for simulating fires and signaling allies.

Tags: paramilitary groups, brass knuckles, paramilitary weapons, Policy Center, Trench knives, Violence Policy

List Of Summer Camps & Summer Programs Near Chicago

There are several summer camp programs in the Chicago area.

Summer camp is a great way for children to experience fun and physical exercise in the summer months with activities, such as swimming, baseball, horseback riding, basketball, and arts and crafts. Chicago and it's surrounding suburbs offer a variety of summer camp programs, including day camps, sports camps and camps for children with special needs.

Just For Kids Summer Camp

Just For Kids is a before-and-after school program in Chicago that also hosts summer day camps each year. Meals are included in the program as well as field trips, gymnastics, computer games, bible classes, air hockey, and a variety of board games and studies in reading, math, science and social studies.

Just For Kids Summer Camp

11024 South Bell Ave.

Chicago, IL 60643

773-779-9070

justforkidsllc.com

Wishcraft

Wishcraft offers summer day camps each year for children ages 7 through 12. Each session is five days long and consists of activities, such as arts and crafts, fashion design, recycling and sculpting. Each camper brings their own lunch and snacks are provided.

Wishcraft

2312 West Roscoe Street

Chicago, IL 60618

773-348-9474

wishcraftworkshop.com

Grand Avenue Preschool and Daycare

Grand Avenue Preschool and Daycare, located in the Western Springs suburb of Chicago, offers summer day camps each year for children from age three up to the fifth grade. Older children can enjoy the grand adventure camps, which include activities such as swimming trips to local pools, sports days and field trips to the Lincoln Park Zoo. Younger children can enjoy the summer enrichment camps with activity programs, such as Space, Science, Wet and Wild, Building with My Buddies, Digging for Dinosaurs and Let's Peek in the Pond. Staff members are CPR trained, and meals and snacks are provided.

Grand Avenue Preschool and Daycare

4211 Grand Ave.

Western Springs, IL. 60558

708-550-4150

grandavenuepreschool.reachlocal.net

Fred's Camp

Fred's Camp is located in the Arlington Heights suburb of Chicago, and has been providing camps for children from kindergarten through eighth grade since 1994. Campers enjoy activities, such as swimming, bowling and a variety of sports. The camp consists of two 4-week sessions and discounts are offered for early registration.

Fred's Camp

900 West Rand Rd.

Arlington Hts, IL 60004

847-392-3733

fredscamp.com

Easter Seals Camps

The Easter Seals location in Chicago offers a variety of summer day camp programs for children ages 4 to 12 with physical disabilities. Activities include campfire sing-a-longs, boating, nature walks, arts and crafts, and swimming, all under professional supervision and in a safe environment. Children learn to adjust to new environments, gain a sense of self esteem and discover new interests.

Easter Seals

233 South Wacker Dr., Suite 2400

Chicago, IL 60606

800-221-6827

easterseals.com

Tags: activities such, activities such swimming, arts crafts, Avenue Preschool, Avenue Preschool Daycare

Paintball War Games

Paintball players of any skill level can enjoy war games.

Whether throwing a party or going on a camping adventure, paintball is a great activity to bring out the competitive juices in everyone. Before you break into teams and give everyone their specific instructions, make sure all guns and equipment are in working order and that everyone has the proper safety gear. A paintball to the face or throat area often means a trip to the emergency room.

Capture the Flag

The classic paintball war game is capture the flag. This game can be adapted to fit as many players as necessary and the instructions are easy to follow. Play capture the flag on a paintball course, or even in the woods.

Give each team a flag, or, to put a unique spin on things, allow each team to make their own flag. Reveal the flags once they are ready, so that each team knows what to search for. Players who are shot must leave the game, and the first team to capture the enemy's flag wins. You can play this game with multiple teams if you have a large group. Capture the flag can be an all-out, week-long event for a serious group of players, or a quick, easy event for beginners.

Shoot the Captain

Shoot the captain is a game perfectly tailored for smaller groups. One player from each team is designated the captain. Identify the captains by having them wear a specific color armband. Give each team 10 minutes to come up with defensive and offensive strategies. The point of the game is to shoot the other team's captain, which is easier said than done. The team that gets the other captain first wins. You can employ a defensive strategy by hiding and protecting your captain and letting the enemy come to you. Some teams like to send their whole unit out to get the opposing captain, while leaving their own captain to fend for herself.

Prisoner of War

For the serious and more skilled paintball player, prisoner of war is a challenging war game. The goal of each team is to capture and "imprison" as many of the other team's players. You can rope off an area for prisoners, or for more advanced groups, fashion a shelter to hide the POWs. This game is the perfect all-day or multi-day game, as it gives each team the chance to come up with intricate strategies. The team that ends the game with the most prisoners wins. Make sure that each team has its designated colors to keep things clear. Don't forget the walkie talkies or cell phones if you are going to be out in the woods, so that you can convey orders and conditions to your teammates.

Tags: each team, come with, each team designated, game with, Give each

Washington State Gun Safety

Care must be taken to make sure guns are safe.

Guns are legal in the United States, but state laws differ on how guns are handled and how safety issues are addressed. In the state of Washington, hunters must take a hunter safety course before they can buy a hunting license, but no course is required to carry a concealed weapon.

Hunter Education

Anyone born after Jan. 1,1972, must complete a hunter education course to buy a hunting license. There is no minimum age for taking the class or for a hunting license. Certification and hunting licenses from other states are accepted in Washington.

Certification

Hunter certification involves taking a four-hour class presented by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. To pass, hunters must achieve a score of at least 80 percent on a 15-question test. The class also involves practical training, including shooting.

Considerations

A license is required to carry a concealed pistol, but no class or training is required to obtain a permit. State law requires only that a person be 21 years of age, not mentally ill and have no criminal record or any other legal restrictions on gun ownership.

Types

Several companies offer weapons training, and all training classes have safety components. Instructors are registered by the state and have to pass a class to become a qualified instructor. Classes cover handling guns safely as well as personal self defense and marksmanship.

Considerations

Although Washington state law does not require it, gun owners are encouraged to purchase and use trigger locks on all of their guns, and to keep the guns locked when not in use. Locking advocates note that from 2003 to 2007, 91 children under age 17 were killed in intentional shootings, and seven were killed in unintentional shootings. A total of 145 children were injured by guns in that same period.

Prevention/Solution

The basic rules of gun safety are:

Always assume a gun is loaded. Do not point a gun at anything you do not intend to shoot. Do not put your finger on the trigger until ready to shoot. Be aware of what is beyond your target.

Tags: hunting license, carry concealed, hunters must, required carry, required carry concealed, were killed

Paintball Trigger Games

You can play paintbal trigger games online.

Paintball has become one of America's favorite extreme sports. Using small balls filled with colored paints and hand-held rifles, players can safely play games of war, target practice or anything they can dream up. Paintball enthusiasts who enjoy practicing off of the playing field can enjoy cleaner and more relaxed paint balling by visiting websites that offer online paintball trigger games.

Trigger Pull Game

Choose your rifle in the trigger pull game.

The Best Paintball Sites web page offers paintball enthusiasts a variety of links, articles and information regarding all things related to the sport. Among its offerings is the online paintball trigger game. Choose from three different animated rifles and left click your mouse as fast as you can to find out what your rate of fire (ROF) is. Three digital counters display your highest, last and current score in real time as you shoot.

Stress Relief Office Paintball

In Stress Relief Paintball you aim for smiley faces.

MiniClips hosts nearly 1,000 free online games for kids, teens and adults. Stress Relief Paintball is among the simple paintball trigger games that can be played in your web browser. A cartoon-like still shot of an office is displayed on the monitor with the barrel of a rifle present in the lower center of the screen. Little yellow "stress balls" with smiling faces roll randomly out from behind file cabinets, coffee cups, computer screens and other office furnishings and equipment. Using the mouse to control the paintball gun, you can left click to shoot the balls with paint and earn points to advance to higher levels.

X-Paint

In the X-Paint game, you become an animated military personnel.

X-Paint Online is a paintball trigger game created an hosted by Nocer Productions, a website for paintball enthusiasts. In this simple paintball trigger game, an animated shooting range appears on-screen with numerous crates and targets. At the center of the screen, you control a soldier armed with a paint gun using the mouse to move a scope back and forth. Digital opponents randomly pop up from behind the targets, and you can shoot them to earn points by left-clicking your mouse. Be careful not to shoot the referees that also appear as not to loose points.

Tags: paintball trigger, paintball trigger game, Stress Relief, trigger game, balls with

Paintball Tank Information

Many paintball tanks are half-size replicas of historic tanks.

Paintball is an ever-growing sport. Players everywhere are finding new and exciting ways to compete. As the most realistic war simulation there is, it was only a matter of time before the paintball tank made its debut on the field.

Use

Paintball tanks are typically used in scenario games. Scenario paintball games are when the players act out a story. Common scenarios range from alien landings to reenactments of World War II battles.

Types

There are many kinds of paintball tanks. Most are homemade from automobiles, but there are websites from which they are sold. If interested, go to the first link in Resources.

There is also what is called a walking tank. A walking tank is a costume that a player wears that represents a tank. They are usually built out of sheet metal, plywood and paintball netting.

Armament

The armaments for paintball tanks vary. Walking tanks usually have no more than one or two paintball guns while automobile tanks can have high-pressure air cannons, grenade launchers and rocket launchers. The type of armament depends on the scenario and field.

Motorized tanks are usually built on a wooden or metal-tubed chassis then covered with fiberglass or sheet metal. Some motorized tanks have working turrets and tracks.

Rules

Tank rules depend on field rules. Some fields will not allow walking tanks, while others will not allow motorized tanks. Fields that allow motorized tanks strictly enforce speed limits.

Tankball

Tankball is paintball but with motorized tanks only. Using paint-filled ping-pong balls, one group of tanks will be pitted against another. Tankball is very expensive. As of 2010, there is only one place to play it--Leicestershire, England. No unprotected personnel are allowed on the field; these tanks fire 40 mm rounds and could be lethal to unarmored players.

Tags: motorized tanks, allow motorized, allow motorized tanks, paintball tanks, sheet metal

Put On A Pocket Protector

Pocket protectors can hold a variety of writing utensils with ease.

There are few things that can ruin a nice shirt faster than a leaky pen. Pocket protectors are a simple solution to leaky ink problems at school or work. Although pocket protectors are regularly stereotyped as nerdy or geeky in popular culture, they are practical, and some are even stylish. If you use a pocket protector in a sensible color to match your ensemble, it can complement your outfit, rather than hindering it. If you've never used a pocket protector, you may not know put it on, but the process is surprisingly simple. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Inspect the pocket protector for tears before using it. Pocket protectors are rendered useless if they contain even a small rip.

2. Slide the pocket protector in your shirt pocket as deeply as possible, keeping the flapped side facing outward. Not all pocket protectors have flaps, but most do. If your pocket protector has no flap, then slide it into your pocket with the protector's shorter side facing outward.

3. Fold the outer flap over the front of your pocket so it covers the front edge of the pcoket. The purpose of this flap is to allow pen caps to easily clip onto the edge of the pocket. With the edge folded over your pocket, the protector is secured and ready to accept pens or pencils.

Tags: pocket protector, your pocket, facing outward, Pocket protectors, side facing, side facing outward

Load A Co2 Tank To A Paintball Gun

Co2 tanks are one of the primary methods of powering paintball guns. To get out and play, you'll need to attach a full tank to your paintball gun. Doing this isn't hard and will only take a few seconds.

Instructions

1. Make sure the rubber O-ring is securely fitted around the nozzle of the Co2 tank. This provides a seal with your gun to prevent any Co2 from leaking out.

2. Hold your gun up and locate the threaded insert where you'll screw the tank on. It will probably be on the backside of the gun, either on top or on the bottom of the grip.

3. Align the tank with the threaded insert and screw it on by turning clockwise. The nozzle on the tank is threaded so that it can be screwed into the gun.

4. Make sure that the tank is being inserted completely straight. If it's cockeyed, the tank will not be properly connected and will leak.

5. Continue to screw the tank until it is as tight as it will go. You will hear a sudden burst of air, which is normal; keep tightening until it's fully secure.

6. To ensure that the gun is working, cock the gun and fire a test shot with or without a paintball to see if air is discharged.

Tags: Make sure, nozzle tank, screw tank, tank will, threaded insert

Fix A Tippmann A5

The Tippman A-5 is a powered paintball gun that is powered by CO2. The gun uses 0.68 caliber paint balls that are added to a hopper. The hopper is then attached at the top or upper receiver of the gun. When the A-5 jams or is not working properly the internal parts may require cleaning to fix the problem. To do this you need to first disassemble the paintball gun.

Instructions

1. Remove the push pin located on the left side of the paintball gun in front of the gas line plug. Release the Tombstone Latch in front of the trigger guard and then pull out the gas line.

2. Remove the push pin located above the trigger guard on the left side of the paintball gun. Remove the push pin on the left rear of the paintball gun. Detach the lower receiver from the upper receiver.

3. Push on the safety for the trigger and slide it out. Pull up on the trigger assembly to remove it from the lower receiver.

4. Turn the velocity screw with the screwdriver to force it into the receiver. Remove the push pin located on the rear of the upper receiver.

5. Pull on the end cap and tilt the marker upwards. Slide the parts for the drive assembly out of the upper receiver. Clean the parts for the drive assembly with a clean cloth.

6. Align the receiver gas line cutout to match the cutout of the power tube. Insert the valve into the power tube. Check the fit by inserting the Tombstone adapter.

7. Reinsert the drive assembly parts that include the front bolt, power tube, valve and rear bolt into upper receiver. Verify that the rear bolt linkage arm is facing up. Insert the Tombstone adapter and replace the push pin. You now have access to the velocity screw.

8. Insert the drive pin, drive spring and upper end cap unit for the upper receiver. Reset the upper end cap pin.

9. Reattach the trigger assembly to the lower receiver. Push the safety back into the trigger assembly. Set the upper receiver back onto the lower receiver.

10. Insert the remaining push pins to secure the upper receiver to the lower receiver.

Tags: upper receiver, lower receiver, Remove push, drive assembly, power tube, push located, Remove push located

Build A Foxhole For Paintball

Paintball sport fans often build elaborate defensive positions for both indoor and outdoor facilities. One good defensive position to build for outdoor paintball fields is a standard U.S. Army-style foxhole.

Instructions

1. Choose an appropriate location to build the foxhole. The view from the foxhole should give you an open view of the surrounding area.

2. Measure a rectangular area about 6.5 feet by 3 feet to dig the hole. Dig the hole deep enough so that the walls will be about shoulder high when standing in it.

3. Dig sumps along the left and right sides for water to collect in if should rain. The sumps should be about 4 or 5 inches wide and two feet deep.

4. Line the area in front of the foxhole with sandbags. Build it two sandbags high the entire width. Now line the left and right sides with sandbags as well.

5. Build a row of sandbags behind the foxhole two bags high and 3 feet long, about 1 to 2 feet away from the hole.

6. Waterproof the foxhole. Place several 4-inch to 6-inch logs over the top from the back sandbags to the front. Now, cover with a tarp large enough to extend over the sandbags on all sides.

Tags: about feet, Build sandbags, left right, left right sides, right sides, with sandbags

Mr2 Spyder Specs

The Toyota MR2 was introduced in 1984 as the Japanese automaker's mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive sports car. This architecture was unique, as it placed the car's motor directly behind the passenger compartment but in front of the rear tires. In 2000, third iteration of the MR2 was introduced. This model was in production through 2007 and maintained the same mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive design of its predecessors but was available as a convertible for the first time, hence the Spyder designation.

Drivetrain

The MR2 Spyder is powered by a naturally aspirated 1.8-liter, inline four-cylinder engine. At the core of this engine is an aluminum block with aluminum cylinder heads and a 16-valve double-overhead-camshaft design. This motor has a 3.1-inch bore, 3.6-inch stroke and a compression ratio of 10 to 1. The MR2 Spyder's powerplant produces 138 horsepower at 6,400 rpm and 125 ft.-lb. of torque at 4,400 rpm. Toyota pairs this engine to either a five- or six-speed manual transmission. No automatic gearbox is offered.

Exterior Dimensions

The MR2 Spyder's 2,195-lb. curb weight sits on a 96.5-inch wheelbase with a 58.1-inch front track and a 57.5-inch rear track. This sports car has an overall length of 153 inches, a width of 66.7 inches and a height of 48.8 inches. Ground clearance under this vehicle is 4.9 inches, while the turning diameter is 34.8 feet.

Interior Dimensions

The MR2 offers seating for two in a cabin that provides 48 cubic feet of passenger volume, while the vehicle's trunk offers 1.9 cubic feet of luggage space. The occupants of this vehicle are afforded 37.3 inches of headroom, 42.2 inches of legroom, 51 inches of shoulder room and 49.8 inches of hip room.

Performance

The MR2 Spyder has a zero-to-60 mph time of 8.2 seconds and a zero-to-100 mph time of 23 seconds. This Toyota sports car offers a street start time, from 5 to 60 mph, of 8.5 seconds. Toyota's engine propels this vehicle through the quarter-mile in 16.2 seconds at 86 mph. Top speed for this drop-top MR2 is 123 mph, while braking from 70 mph to a stop takes 162 feet.

Fuel Economy

Fuel economy for this vehicle is rated at 26 mpg city and 32 mpg highway with the five-speed manual, while the six-speed manual yields 26 mpg city and 33 mpg highway. Fuel is drawn from a 12.7-gallon tank.

Tags: this vehicle, city highway, cubic feet, mid-engine rear-wheel-drive, six-speed manual, this engine, time seconds

Make Your Own Video Game Rack

Make Your Own Video Game Rack

Video game storage can be a problem. You may not care about the mess, but games are expensive, so keeping them stored safely is in your best interest. Spending money on expensive retail shelving units when there are perfectly good games you could buy with it, may not make much sense. Making your own, easy, quick and possibly free racks, while recycling, just may be the perfect solution.

Instructions

Preparing Your Rack Parts

1. Find wooden boxes. Check with grocery stores or ask the produce manager of your local market. Look for 18-inch wide by 12-inch deep by 6-inch tall apple crates, with slat sides and solid wood ends. Old soda crates of the same size also work well. They are generally more expensive and more difficult to find.

2. Buy them from local thrift shops and flea markets, if you can't find them free. They usually sell for a dollar or less. Soda crates go for around $12 to $15. Each of these boxes will make a shelf that will hold 20 to 30 games. Get enough to make racks for your entire collection.

3. Use the solid wood end of the box as a template and mark out a shelf on a piece of ¾-inch plywood. This will be the perfect size to fit between the slats. Be sure to mark only the outline of the box end, slipping your pencil under any slats that may be in the way.

4. Cut your shelf with a jigsaw. Make sure your material is held down or clamped to your work surface. Jigsaw blades poke through the bottom several inches. Situate your plywood to avoid cutting your work surface.

Finishing Your Video Game Rack

5. Use a tape measure to find the center of your box lengthwise. Mark both sides at the center. Set your shelf so that the marks are in the center of the ¾-inch thickness of the plywood. Nail or screw in place.

6. Use an electric sander or sanding block to sand any rough edges or splintered areas. Spray a coat of primer over the entire surface of the box and allow to dry.

7. Choose your favorite color of spray enamel and paint the box with two or three good coats. Hold the can 6 to 8 inches from the surface and "brush" the paint on in short, moving bursts. Avoid heavy saturation to prevent runs and drips. Allow the paint to dry to the touch between coats.

8. Allow the box to dry thoroughly. You can add stickers or graffiti or just leave it a solid color. These boxes can be stacked by screwing through the ends to attach them end to end, or hung from the wall with drywall screws. Locate a stud to drive into and use at least four 2-inch screws per box.

Tags: Game Rack, Video Game, Video Game Rack, Your Video, Your Video Game

Fun Gifts For Parents

Give your parents board games that the whole family can play together.

Raising children is hard work. Babies spit up and cry. Toddlers learn the word "no." Children throw tantrums. Preteens ignore their parents while teenagers fight with them. While raising their kids, parents work, clean house and pay bills, which doesn't leave much time for relaxation or fun. On your parents' next birthday or on the next holiday, add a little excitement and entertainment to their lives with a fun gift.

Adventure

Appeal to your parents' sense of adventure and get them out of their daily routine. Send them on an adventure. Sign them up for scuba diving lessons or a ride on an aerobatic biplane. Take them rock climbing -- indoors or outdoors -- sky diving, hang gliding or bungee jumping. Plan a white-water rafting trip. If those adventures are a little too extreme for your parents, take them to play paintball, go go-carting or hiking. Your parents not only will have fun but they may recapture some of their youth.

Tickets

Get your parents out of the house by giving them tickets to an event that they'd like. Buy them tickets to hear their favorite band play. If they like classical music, send them to the symphony. Theater buffs may enjoy themselves at a play or opera. For parents that are sports fans, give them tickets to see their favorite sports team play. If your parents' are the ultimate couch potatoes find them tickets to be in the audience of their favorite show. You can also give tickets to galleries, museum exhibits, air shows and lectures.

Relaxation

Working, taking care of a family and cleaning a house can become stressful. Sometimes the most fun can be had when relaxing. Give them a gift certificate to a day at the spa where they can get a much needed body massage and be pampered for a few hours. Arrange a wine tasting at a local vineyard or a round of golf at a nearby golf course. If your parents like the outdoors and animals, set up a long, leisurely horseback ride for them at the local stables. For parents that like the water, rent a sail boat for a day at sea. Or if you're on a tight budget, pack them a lunch full of their favorite foods and send them on a picnic at the park.

Vacation

Just about everyone has fun while on vacation, so send your much desiring parents on a vacation. Let them explore the Caribbean, Alaska or even Europe by cruise ship. Send them on a second honeymoon to a romantic destination such as Napa Valley, New York or Paris -- if you can afford it. If your parents have a place they've always wanted to go, but never actually got around to going, buy them plane tickets and set up a hotel reservation for them. For children on a budget, give your parents a weekend getaway to a bed and breakfast or even a hotel in the city your parents live in. Just staying in new surroundings will be fun.

Tags: your parents, your parents, their favorite, them tickets, parents that

Tactical Weapons Training

Common tactical weapon.

Most people think of the military when they think of tactical weapons training, however, many civilians and law enforcement officials are becoming proficient with tactical weapons as well. This is to meet the needs of the society to be safe in a time where terrorist violence is on the increase from both outside and internal sources.

Who Gets Trained

All military and most law officials are trained in tactical weapons. This is to ensure their safety and to assist in the capture or termination of their enemies. In addition, body guards and diplomatic security agents also receive tactical weapons training to assist in the protection of their employer or client. There are some civilians who have learned tactical training for their personal pleasure and information as well, although this is rare.

Obtaining Training

There are schools set up around the country that offer tactical weapons training. These are not online schools as it is impossible to teach the techniques needed to handle heavy weapons and tactical weapons without hands-on education. These schools do ask for a criminal background and a drug screening. In addition to this, psychological examination may be necessary to ensure the safety of the student, fellow students and teachers. The length of training often depends upon the school and can range anywhere from a week for refresher courses to several months.

Personal Requirements

Tactical weapons training often requires quite a bit of physical strength and endurance. It is recommended that the individuals seeking training be in good physical condition. In addition, it is necessary that the individual seeking training has a steady hand and is willing to listen to all instructions. Compliance with the safety and behavior standards set by the school are necessary for the safety of the student, those around the student and the instructor.

Financial Aid

Most tactical schools do not offer financial aid to their students. However, if the student is part of a company requiring tactical weapons training, often times the company will pay for the education. The military and law enforcement officials are often trained in tactical weapons as a part of their education and therefore are not responsible for the cost of the class.

Job Perspectives

Those who specialize in tactical weapons have several options of employment after the completion of the training. Body guards and diplomatic protection specialists frequently have completed tactical weapons training. In addition, the military may hire a tactical weapons specialist to assist in the training of new recruits and the same goes for the law enforcement fields. Service agents often have completed tactical weapons classes to work in the FBI, CIA or Secret Service.

Tags: tactical weapons, tactical weapons, tactical weapons training, weapons training, training often, completed tactical, completed tactical weapons

Install A Flatline Barrel On A Tippmann A5

A Flatline Barrel will make your paintballs more accurate.

The Flatline Barrel is a specialized paintball gun barrel made for Tippmann products. Unlike normal barrels, the Flatline imparts backspin on the paintball, which results in a longer and more accurate shot. The installation for this barrel is different than normal barrels because of its shape and design. Prior to installation, always make sure that your Tippmann A-5 contains no paintballs and that you remove the air source. Paintball guns cannot be disassembled when they are loaded.

Instructions

1. Place the Tippmann A-5 on a flat surface with the left side facing up. Unscrew the barrel adapter and barrel by locating the three screws near the barrel and unscrewing them. These screws are all within an inch of the barrel and are located on the body of the paintball gun.

2. Twist off both the barrel and the barrel adapter. The barrel adapter is the piece that connects the barrel to the paintball gun. The barrel adapter should stay connected to the barrel as it is removed from the gun.

3. Insert the Flatline Barrel into the area where you removed the stock barrel and adapter. The Flatline barrel has a bolt on the end that faces the paintball gun, which must face the right side of the gun as it is being inserted. Once the barrel is fully inserted into the gun, twist the barrel so that the screw faces the top of the Tippmann A-5.

4. Replace the three bolts that were removed previously.

Tags: barrel adapter, Flatline Barrel, adapter barrel, barrel adapter barrel, more accurate

Places For Children'S Birthday Parties In Rochester New York

Choose the place and birthday party package that's right for you in Rochester.

Rochester, in Upstate New York, has plenty of kid-friendly activities, including festivals, parks, sporting events and museum. Exhibits change regularly at the Rochester Museum and Science Center, for example. When a child's birthday rolls around, find a party place that suits the child's interest and your budget. Does this Spark an idea?

N'Vasion Paintball

N'Vasion Paintball offers a three-hour silver or gold party package for kids 10 and older. Both packages include a private room, a 14,000-square foot playing field, a raised viewing area where spectators can watch for free and the option to include add-ons for an extra fee such as cake, food and drinks, and loot bags. The silver package gives kids 200 paintballs; the gold package includes 500 paintballs. Private parties in this indoor paintball facility may be reserved daily.

Sweet and Sassy

Sweet and Sassy offers themed parties especially for girls between the ages of 4 and 13., including "Magical Fairy," "Enchanted Princess," "A Night on the Red Carpet" or "Fashion Diva" parties. Each party allows kids to play dress up, get their hair styled and put on makeup and nail polish based on their chosen theme. Parties also include themed activities and time in a private party room. Add-ons may include gift bags, the chance make spa treatments or limo rides in Sweet and Sassy's hot pink limo.

Kango Play Center

In Kango Play Center kids can enjoy games, roller skating, playing in inflatable bounce houses and climbing the custom-designed play structure. Each of the four parties include a host, invitations, a birthday announcement, free admission for all attending parents, a private party room, reserved table in the snack bar, one slice of pizza and drink per child, unlimited Play Center use after the party and birthday-themed cups, plates, napkins and balloons. The party packages differ in the number of guests allowed, the Play Center time and other amenities.

Horizon Fun FX

Skating and rollerblading, laser tag and arcade games are just some of the attractions at Horizon Fun FX. Three birthday packages are offered for a minimum of 10 children that include skating, homemade pizza, three pitchers of soda, ice cream, popcorn, game tokens, table settings and decorations, balloons, a birthday announcement and a host. Birthday parties may be scheduled on Wednesdays, Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays., as of 2011.

Tags: Play Center, Sweet Sassy, birthday announcement, Kango Play, Kango Play Center

Make A Gun Barrel

Build your own gun barrel today.

Building your own gun can be a rewarding and therapeutic pastime. Most gun kits provide the barrel and lock parts, while requiring you to build the stock and assemble all of the pieces. However, the true DIYer can make every piece of a gun from scratch with enough ingenuity. As one of, if not the most important part of a gun, the barrel is an integral part of the overall gun making process and thus a good place to start your gun making adventure.

Instructions

1. Cut a piece of thick-walled (.25 inches or more thick) iron pipe to your desired length. Make sure the diameter of the pipe fits your bullet snugly, as too tight of of a diameter runs the risk of blowing the gun up, while too loose is not as accurate.

2. Mount the pipe on the lathe and find a metal scribe that has approximately eight teeth. This will give you eight evenly spaced rifle grooves in the barrel. Set up your lathe so that there is only one dull twist of the scribe every 28 inches; most black powder weapons have this twist or slower. Run the scribe through the pipe two to three times in succession to make sure the grooves are deep and smooth.

3. Use another scribe to machine threads into one end of the barrel so it will screw into its end plug. Run a deburring head through the barrel and threads. Use sand paper to smooth down the outside of the barrel and prepare it for dyeing.

4. "Blue" the barrel using a dye kit from any outdoor retailer. Let dry for at least 24 hours and move on to the next phase of gun construction.

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Paintball Gun Laws

Paintball is a fun sport enjoyed by many active individuals. When practiced responsibly and with the proper equipment, paintball is generally safe. However, there are laws in some states preventing the negligent use of a paintball gun and restricting the areas where the sport can be played. These laws are designed to protect the safety of the players and the public at large.

State Laws

There are currently eight states that have regulations specific to paintball. In Rhode Island and New Hampshire, it is illegal to sell a paintball gun to a person under the age of 18. Illinois lowers the minimum age for paintball sales to 13. In Virginia, individual counties are permitted to make their own paintball ordinances. In Illinois, paintball use is illegal, unless played on designated target ranges. In New Hampshire, it is legal to expel a student who possesses a paintball gun. In Delaware, paintball is designated as an agrotourism activity, only permitted on farms.

Pennsylvania Laws

Pennsylvania has a number of laws aimed at paintball play. Paintball guns must be transported in the trunk or storage area of a vehicle; they may not ride in the passenger area of a vehicle. Property damage resulting from a paintball gun comes with a criminal penalty. In addition, it is illegal to use a paintball gun against persons who are not participating in an actual game of paintball.

Paintball Guns as Weapons

In some states, such as New York and New Jersey, courts may define paintball guns as weapons or firearms, depending on circumstances. The New York Supreme Court ruled that a paintball gun with a C02 cartridge was technically an air-gun when it was used by a teen to harm another child. In New Jersey, a minor used a paintball gun to vandalize a parked car, and the paintball gun was considered a weapon.

Responsibility and Liability

In Florida, paintball players can be liable of negligence if they fail to comply with a few basic requirements. Paintball players must act within the limits of their own abilities and respect the original purpose and design of the paintball equipment they use. Players must also maintain control of the equipment they use, and refrain from any activity that may cause injury or death to a fellow player or bystander.

Proposed Bills

There are currently a few proposed bills in the state of Connecticut that have not become laws yet. One bill requires a 90-day driver's license suspension, as well as 120 hours of community service, for anyone who fires a paintball gun from a motor vehicle. Another bill is designed to prevent children from shooting a paintball gun near any home or vehicle. Another is attempting to prohibit the use or possession of non-biodegradable paintball ammunition on municipal or state property.

Tags: area vehicle, equipment they, some states, that have, There currently

Configure My Muzzle Velocity

The Tippman 98 Custom is one of the most popular and user-friendly paintball markers available.

Tippman paintball markers are among the most advanced in the sport. Custom parts are available for the majority of Tippman markers. The bread and butter of the Tippman line is the 98 Custom. The company produces seven variations of this marker, and each has an adjustable muzzle velocity which allows paintball participants to choose how fast the .68 caliber balls travel out the barrel. Most paintball courses have a maximum allowed muzzle velocity, but adjustment is simple.

Instructions

1. Locate the velocity adjustment screw. This is an internal screw. The head of the screw accepts an allen wrench. It is located on the left side (rear view) of the frame, above and in front of the trigger guard.

2. Measure your muzzle velocity. Load your marker with paintballs and charge it with CO2. Then, with the chronograph placed just above your muzzle, fire several rounds in a safe direction. The chronograph will give you a reading in either feet per second or meters per second.

3. Adjust the velocity. The premium velocity is under 300 feet per second. Insert the allen wrench into the adjustment screw and turn clockwise to decrease muzzle velocity. If you want to increase velocity, turn the screw counter-clockwise.

4. Measure the velocity again. Fire the marker in a safe direction, measuring the velocity as in Step 2. Continue measuring and adjusting until you reach your desired velocity.

Tags: muzzle velocity, adjustment screw, allen wrench, feet second, paintball markers

Paintball Gun Games

Paintball Gun Games

Paintball began with rather humble origins among people using marking guns intended to mark cattle and trees. As the popularity of the sport grew, so did the viability of paintball guns and the diversity of the games played by paintball enthusiasts. There is a distinction in play style between players who prefer to play in the natural woods and players who prefer artificially constructed courses, but neither of these limits the types of games that can be played.

Capture the Flag

Capture the flag is one of the most popular styles of paintball games. Played on either type of course, the object is usually to get to your opponents' end of the field, steal their flag and return it to your end of the field. Beyond that basic idea, the rules tend to have differing variations based on skill level and generally accepted "house rules" of the course. Sometimes the games are played with single elimination, where a tagged player is out for the whole game. Other styles involve tagged players having to wait for a predetermined time before re-entering.

A popular variation of this game is to have a single flag in the center of the field with both teams trying to return it to their side.

Alamo

This game usually refers to games in which a small team is placed in a heavily fortified position and must last for a certain amount of time against a superior force that has little to no protection. The fortified positions usually involve bunkers, elevated positions, choke points and occasionally large caches of ammunition not available to the attacking force. The attacking force must either eliminate all the defenders or, in some cases, simply reach a desired goal such as a flag in the middle of the defense or sound an air horn located in the base.

King of the Hill

On larger courses, this game usually includes a multitude of "hills" that a team can occupy. Usually these are light bunkers or fortified positions. Teams score points for the number of minutes they successfully hold each one. Usually, there is one more bunker than the number of teams so as to force conflict over the remaining bunker. Due to the nature of this style of play, these games usually involved tagged players getting to re-enter the game at some point.

Tags: attacking force, fortified positions, game usually, games played, players prefer, tagged players

Unlock All Cheats For Goldeneye 007 (N64)

Want the Golden Gun? How about the Aztec lazer from the movie Moonraker? These weapons and more can be yours with the following cheats, which are attainable if each level is cleared within a certain time limit.

Instructions

1. Defeat the Byelomorye Dam level (mission 1, part 1) under 2 minutes and 40 seconds to attain paintball mode. You must play the level as a secret agent.

2. Defeat the Chemical Warfare Facility #2 level (mission 1, part 2) under 2 minutes and 5 seconds to attain invincibility. You must play the level as a 00 agent.

3. Defeat the Runway level (mission 1, part 3) under 5 minutes to attain "DK mode." You must play the level as an agent.

4. Defeat the Installation surface level (mission 2, part 1) under 3 minutes and 30 seconds to acquire double the amount of grenade launchers. You must play the level as a secret agent.

5. Defeat the Satellite Control Bunker level (mission 2, part 2) under 4 minutes to acquire double the amount of rocket launchers. You must play the level as a 00 agent.

6. Defeat the Soviet Missile Silo level (mission 3) under 3 minutes to attain turbo mode. You must play the level as an agent.

7. Defeat the Frigate "La Fayette" level (mission 4) under 4 minutes and 30 seconds to attain no radar status (for multiplayer games). You must play the level as a secret agent.

8. Defeat the Installation surface level (mission 5, part 1) under 4 minutes and 15 seconds to attain Tiny Bond. You must play the level as a 00 agent.

9. Defeat the Bunker Complex level (mission 5, part 2) under 1 minute and 30 seconds to acquire double the amount of throwing knives. You must play the level as an agent.

10. Defeat the Statue Park level (mission 6, part 1) under 3 minutes and 15 seconds to attain fast animation. You must play the level as a secret agent.

11. Defeat the GRU Military Intelligence Archives level (mission 6, part 2) under 1 minute and 20 seconds to attain invisibility. You must play the level as a 00 agent.

12. Defeat the Streets level (mission 6, part 3) under 1 minute and 45 seconds to attain enemy rockets. You must play the level as an agent.

13. Defeat the Disused Military Depot level (mission 6, part 4) under 1 minute and 40 seconds to attain slow animation. You must play the level as a secret agent.

14. Defeat the Converted Missile Train level (mission 6, part 5) under 5 minutes and 25 seconds to attain the Silver PP7 weapon. You must play the level as a 00 agent.

15. Defeat the Jungle level (mission 7, part 1) under 3 minutes and 45 seconds to acquire double the amount of hunting knives. You must play the level as an agent.

16. Defeat the level Janus Control Center level (mission 7, part 2) under 10 minutes to attain infinite ammo. You must play the level as a secret agent.

17.Defeat the Subterranean Caverns level (mission 7, part 3) under 9 minutes and 30 seconds to attain 2 times the RC-P90 weapon. You must play the level as a 00 agent.

18. Defeat the Antenna Cradle level (mission 7, part 4) to attain the magnum weapon. You must play the level as an agent. Completing the same level under 2 minutes and 15 seconds will earn you the Gold PP7 weapon.

19. Defeat the Aztec Complex level (mission 8) to acquire a laser weapon. You must play the level as a secret agent. Completing the same level under 9 minutes will earn you twice the amount of lasers.

20. Defeat the Egyptian Temple level (mission 9) to attain the Golden Gun. You must play the level as a 00 agent. Completing the level under 6 minutes will give you access to all guns offered in the game.

Tags: level mission, must play, must play level, play level, agent Defeat, level mission part

Paintball Games For Xbox 360

The coverart for NPPL Championship Paintball 2009.

If you're a fan of paintball but don't want to have to go and wash all the splatter marks off your shirt, then sitting down in front of a television and playing a paintball game on your Xbox 360 console may be the better alternative. Unfortunately for paintball video game fans, the selection of that genre's games that play on the Xbox 360 is rather limited.

NPPL Championship Paintball

NPPL Championship Paintball 2009, which is pictured above, is the only paintball game that has been developed and is currently available for the Xbox 360. This game, according to Gamespot.com, features over 35 courses for players to traverse.

The game didn't receive high marks from the critics, rating just a 4.1 on Gamespot's reviews, but players and fans have been kinder, giving it a 7.6 rating.

Greg Hastings Tournament Paintball

While Greg Hastings Tournament Paintball was originally developed for play on the Xbox console, backwards compatibility will allow players to play in on their 360.

This game received great reviews from both players and critics alike. According to the Gamespot page devoted to the title, Greg Hastings Tournament Paintball earned a mark of 7.5 from the critics and an 8.2 from the players and fans.

Splat Renegade Paintball

The only other title that is compatible with the Xbox 360 also comes from the original Xbox console. Splat Renegade Paintball tried to pick up where the popularity of Greg Hastings Tournament Paintball left off. However, the game's poor graphics and poor critic and player ratings didn't bode well for the title.

Gamespot's critics gave Splat Renegade Paintball a 5.0 for a rating, while players and fans could only muster a 6.2 for the game.

Tags: Greg Hastings, Greg Hastings Tournament, Hastings Tournament, Hastings Tournament Paintball, Tournament Paintball, Championship Paintball

Choose Shotgun Barrel Length

Choose a shotgun barrel in the correct length based on the shooting activity.

When it comes time to select a shotgun, the first thing that comes to mind for many people is the gauge. However, the barrel length should also be considered and is important in regard to the performance and handling of the gun. It is necessary to correctly match the barrel length to the activity you will use it for.

Instructions

1. Select a shorter barrel shotgun such as one that is 20 inches long for use in home defense or personal protection. A shorter will be easier to handle and aim inside a home where walls and furniture must be considered.

2. Choose a barrel length between 22 and 24 inches for shotguns to be used for turkey hunting. This will be easy to handle from a seated position, allow for aiming as with a rifle, and still effectively group shot down range.

3. Select a break open over and under or double barrel configuration with a barrel length of 28 inches. Consider a barrel length in this range for good balance and the necessary weight feel that is needed to help swing the shotgun when following a clay target in trap shooting or winged target such as duck, dove, grouse or pheasant.

4. Choose a slug shotgun designed to be used with slug shells and a scope that has a barrel length of about 24 to 26 inches in length for hunting deer or other large game.

5. Select longer barrel shotguns, such as those with 30 inch barrels, for hunting ducks, geese or dove. Long range wing shots require a longer barrel and will produce better shot pattern results down range than a shorter barrel shotgun.

Tags: barrel length, barrel length, barrel shotgun, down range, longer barrel

Clean A Tippmann A5

Paintball is a messy sport, so proper cleaning of equipment is essential.

The Tippmann A-5, a high-performance paintball marker, must be properly cleaned and maintained after every use to increase its longevity. After playing a game of paintball, the Tippmann A-5 might have paint, oil and dirt on the marker. These elements can cause the exterior paint to erode and mechanical parts to malfunction. The internal components of the marker can also be cleaned to ensure a safe working marker for future paintball events.

Instructions

Disassemble the Tippmann A-5

1. Remove the C02 tank from the Tippmann by unscrewing the tank counterclockwise until it is off of the tank adapter. This will eliminate the air power from the marker, preventing any accidental misfires.

2. Open the paintball hopper, which houses the paintballs, by popping the plastic top open. Pour the unused paintballs into a plastic bag for safe keeping or back into the paintball bucket with other unused paintballs. Slide the cocking handle on the left-hand side of the Tippmann back to release paintballs in the chamber.

3. Remove the hopper by twisting it to the side and pulling it upward. Unscrew the barrel from the front of the marker by twisting it counterclockwise.

Clean the Tippmann A-5

4. Dampen a towel with warm water. Wipe the entire exterior of the paintball marker with the damp towel to remove any paint, oil and dirt. Rinse off the towel and repeat this step until all off the grime is removed from the black paint. Use only water to clean the marker because chemicals will cause the exterior paint to erode.

5. Insert two to three drops of gun oil into the paintball tank adapter. Gun oil can be bought at any sporting goods store that has a rifle or hunting section or from a paintball specialty retailer. Attach the CO2 tank to the paintball tank adapter by screwing it in clockwise until it is snug. Take the safety off, which is on the side of the marker above the trigger. Dry fire the gun 10 times to lubricate the internal components. The gun oil will disperse into the gun with the help of the compressed air.

6. Wipe the external area of the hopper clean using the damp towel to remove any paint, oil or dirt. Wipe clean the inside of the hopper if necessary. Paintballs sometimes break inside the hopper, which can cause other paintballs to become ineffective and damage the marker's mechanisms.

7. Use a barrel-cleaning rod to clean the inside of the Tippmann's barrel. Pull the rod through the barrel several times until the inside of the barrel is clean. Wipe the exterior of the barrel thoroughly with the damp towel. Keep the paintball marker disassembled until the next paintball match for safe and easy transport.

Tags: damp towel, paint dirt, paintball marker, tank adapter, cause exterior, cause exterior paint

Paintball Facts

Paintball is a recreational sport that can be played with teams or individuals. It involves shooting a paint-filled pellet at other players in order to eliminate them from play. There are some rules when playing paintball, but for the most part it's up to the players to decide what is allowable and what is not. Basic safety gear and various paintball guns are the equipment needed to play this sport.

Equipment

The most important piece of equipment in paintball is the paintball gun, which fires paint balls with burst of carbon dioxide. Other pieces of equipment include masks, protective gear for the body, gloves and special vehicles called paintball tanks.

Playing Field

Paintball can be played in just about any large space with plenty of cover, such as the woods. More organized or urban play happens in paintball parks, which can have various themes or simply be a large field with inflatable obstacles for players to hide behind.

Tournament Paintball

Paintball tournaments have been played ever since the early 1980s. They were usually played in natural, wooded areas until the late 1990s, when fields with artificial bunkers became the standard for tournament play.

Teams

Organized paintball is played between two teams, each containing 3, 5, or 7 players, depending on the game. Teams often compete based on various leagues they are in, which can be professional, semi-professional, or regional.

Safety

Over 5 million people in the United States play paintball regularly, yet many people believe the game to be very unsafe. However, with all the safety gear available it is actually one of the safest sports, according to the National Injury Information Clearinghouse of the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, with less than 1 injury per 1000 players.

Tags: safety gear

Make Your Airsoft Gun Shoot Faster Farther And Harder

an M85 airsoft rifle

Want to give yourself an advantage while playing airsoft? Well why pay for expensive upgrades or a better gun when you can take these simple steps.

Instructions

1. The most important thing in airsoft is accuracy. It doesn't matter if you're shooting long and hard if you don't hit what you're aiming at. So first you'll want to buy some decent BBs. You probably paid a lot for your airsoft gun so spend the extra $2 on high polished, seamless BBs. Most automatics require high polished ones anyway otherwise they run a high risk of jamming. If they're seamless they're perfectly round with no holes or seams or anything. Being Seamless and high polished will make them not rub on your barrel as much on the way out which causes them to fly crooked and curve incorrectly. But WAY more important is that the BBs are balanced evenly on the inside. Ones that are either filled or stamped together with a seam are off balance and that can cut your accurate range in half! The high polished BBs instead of regular seamless ones just have smoother edges that will make it slide through your barrel faster with less friction to slow them down. Also as long as your gun shoots at about 240 FPS or faster, use .20 gram BBs unless otherwise specified in the manual or on the box. .12s curve too quickly in the air with very little wind

2. Now that you're firing ammo that's actually good, you may need to adjust the hop up. Usually it's adjusted well from the factory but it's worth playing with. Basically just find some cardboard or styrofoam or whatever and draw a tiny black dot on it about 1/4 inch wide. Then stand about 50 feet from it with your gun. If it's a pistol maybe move a little closer and some high powered rifles may need to fire from farther away. Put the gun in single shot mode if it's an automatic and aim directly at the dot you drew and fire a shot then wait and fire again until you've shot like 3-5 shots. Make sure you re-aim it perfectly in between shots, especially if the gun kicks back.

3. If all your shots missed the dot in 3 different directions then it's likely your airsoft gun just isn't very accurate or you're still using low quality, unbalanced BBs. If you were away from the black dot but in the same direction like all three shots made holes above the black dot, you were either aiming incorrectly or you'll need to adjust the hop up one way or another. The best way to tell which is the case is to try to watch the BBs while they're flying on the way to the target. If they go straight, you're good. If they curve as they fly, that's what's causing the inconsistency. If you can't tell, make sure your scope or other aiming device isn't crooked though and that you're not making any aiming mistakes. If you know it's the gun's hop up causing the problem though, most have a slider for hop up adjustment so just pick a direction and redo the test and if it gets closer to the dot, keep moving it until you hit right around the dot without a lot of the BBs curving way off path.

4. An alternate way of adjusting your airsoft gun's hop up is to purchase some .20 gram, high polish, seamless, glow in the dark BBs. Don't get the .12's, they don't hold enough light for long enough. First wait until it's dark outside then head to a wide open space like a field. If you have an open magazine that exposes the spring and the BBs, take out the magazine and shine a bright flashlight as close as possible up and down the row of BBs to glow them up then quickly load the magazine back into the gun and fire them level with the ground as if you were aiming at a person. Watch the glowing BBs carefully to see about how far they go before they curve and fly in a completely different direction. Adjust the hop up lower and lower until the BB starts to drop down instead of curving off in a crazy direction. If you can't get your gun to do that, as not all will be capable of it, just adjust it until it curves as far out as possible. One of my airsoft pistols straight from the factory only got about 30 feet before curving at a severe angle. I could almost fire around a corner with the thing it was so sharp. But after adjusting it, it remained straight out to a little over 60 feet. Also, if you switch the weight of your ammo from .20g to .25g for instance, you'll definitely have to re-adjust your hop up.

5. So now that your airsoft gun is properly adjusted and firing good BBs for optimum accuracy and speed, you should probably take the one extra step and get some silicone airsoft gun lube. You just spray it down the barrel and it lubricates it with a thin layer of silicone so that passing BBs have way less friction. Technically you should do this before adjusting your hop up but it shouldn't affect it too much. Plastic sliding against not very well polished metal is a friction nightmare so you can seriously add around 30+ FPS to an airsoft gun by lubing the barrel. Do use airsoft gun lubricant, not just any hardware store silicone lubricant because it might have additives that will damage many of the internal parts. They almost all contain propane distillates that will dissolve plastic and turn it white and you don't want that happening to your gun. Once you've done this, the BBs will come out straighter and much faster because they cruised past any microscopic bumps on the inside of the barrel. One coating should last hours but do reapply it if your guns have been sitting for weeks since the last time you applied it.

6. And finally, you can upgrade springs but this is risky and not always very effective. On all airsoft guns with springs, it can wear out the parts like the air chamber where the piston moves because it's not used to a higher pressure. On manual spring guns, it can wear out other parts like the slide because of the higher force required to pull it back. On automatics it can cause a lower rate of fire and will definitely wear out the motor faster because it has to work harder to pull back the spring. In some cases the whole thing won't be able to function with the new, harder to pull back spring. Usually companies put the highest powered spring they can in for the motor's power rating to get the highest FPS without overloading the motor so any thicker, tougher springs may break the motor. Also just taking apart some airsoft guns risks breaking certain parts of them. So in general, I wouldn't recommend upgrading the springs unless you're a real risk taker.

Tags: high polished, that will, pull back, about feet, adjusting your

The History Of Potassium Nitrate

Potassium nitrate, also known as niter or saltpeter, is a chemical compound composed of potassium (a soft, light, sliver-white metal) and the gasses nitrogen and oxygen (both colorless and odorless). When combined, the elements produce a whitish substance. Potassium nitrate has been used for several centuries, most famously in the manufacture of gunpowder, also called black powder.

Ancient Times

The earliest use of potassium nitrate can be traced to ancient China around the 3rd century B.C. The Chinese discovered that when about 15 percent charcoal and 10 percent sulfur is mixed with about 75 percent potassium nitrate, it produces gunpowder, a substance with explosive power. It has been through its history by nicknames such as "Chinese snow" and "the devil's distillate."

Widespread Use

By the 11th century A.D., inventors were using potassium nitrate for their explosive innovations, and by the 13th century, its spread throughout Europe was complete. It took another century for Europeans to truly exploit the use of potassium nitrate for weaponry, manufacturing guns and cannons with the necessary gunpowder.

By then, people wanted to purify the compound. The earliest evidence of this is a book written in 1270 by Arab chemist and engineer Hasan al-Rammah, in which he describes the use of wood ashes--harboring potassium carbonate--to remove calcium and magnesium salts from potassium nitrate.

19th and 20th Centuries

People began to produce potassium nitrate on an industrial scale by the 1900s, and the chemical compound was even more integral in some of the world's most devastating wars, namely World War I (1914 to 1918). Gunpowder was beginning to show its age, though, and was no longer able to keep pace with advancing technology. It produced a lot of white smoke during ignition, gave out a very restrictive residue with the first few shots and was very easy to dampen. Dynamite and TNT eventually replaced gunpowder as primary blasting explosives.

Modern Use

Potassium nitrate is one of the major components used today in artillery-shell primers and hand-grenade fuses. It is also used for fireworks such as smoke bombs, which are devices that vary in application from military use to paintball games.

Other Uses

Since it is made up mostly of potassium, an element essential for the growth of plants, potassium nitrate is also used in agriculture. Some toothpastes are manufactured with potassium nitrate to reduce tooth sensitivity. In the Middle Ages, potassium nitrate was used as a food preserver, and even though it has never been proven, some people believe that the ingestion of the compound can decrease one's sex drive.

Tags: potassium nitrate, potassium nitrate, about percent, also used, chemical compound, nitrate also, Potassium nitrate

What Is The Average Cost Of Opening A Small Clothing Business

Starting out, inventory is the largest overhead cost you face.

Starting a small clothing business typically requires a bankroll of up to $250,000, according to Entrepreneur.com. Don't let that large amount scrap your couture store dreams. If you prep right and craft a strong business plan, you can launch your shop for less.

Startup Costs

A new clothing store can cost between $50,000 and $250,000 to launch, according to Entrepreneur.com and LegalZoom.com. To keep costs low, determine how many square feet your store will need -- 1,200 to 1,500 square feet is the average size -- and scout out potential locations that fit your space requirements. How much does rent cost at these locations? Determine the best site and start estimating how much you'll spend on rent, cost of goods sold and operating costs during your first three years. The more conservative you are, the less dough you need to get started.

Rent Expenses

New business owners run into trouble when they don't estimate their expenses accurately, especially the cost of rent. A year's worth of rent typically ranges between 5 percent and 6 percent of your store's total sales, according to Entrepreneur.com. If you expect your store to generate $300,000 in annual sales, consider setting aside between $15,000 and $18,000 to pay the rent.

Overhead Costs

Liability insurance, inventory, utility fees, computers, cash registers, clothing racks, stock shelves, price guns, office equipment and employee salaries are just some of the overhead costs you face starting out. Overhead costs account for 95 percent of your expenses, according to Forbes.com. Of that amount, 40 percent factors into salaries, utilities and rent, while the other 55 percent accounts for inventory, or cost of goods sold. What's left -- the remaining 5 percent -- is your profit. That amount can be used to make principal payments on any outstanding loans borrowed to start the clothing store.

Planning Ahead

It's tough to foresee unexpected costs in any industry. That's why entrepreneurs are encouraged to create a business plan that helps account for the unaccountable. The business plan serves as a kind of strategy guide that not only outlines your overall store ideas, but also includes monthly and yearly financial estimates and projections based on your startup costs, overhead costs, rent expenses and your research of target market trends that could affect sales. These financial projections are a good way to measure your performance to determine if any changes need to be made as your business grows.

Tags: according Entrepreneur, business plan, percent your, your store, clothing store, cost goods, cost goods sold

Paintball Clothing Tips

When choosing your clothing for paintballing, keep in mind that the clothes should be disposable and protective. Be prepared to have the clothes covered in paint. But also consider what clothing will provide the best protection from painful paintballs, and give you an advantage in competitive game play.

Protection

When choosing clothing for paintball, remember that a shot on bare skin hurts much more and bruises are much more likely than if you received a shot to an area that was protected by clothing. Wear long sleeves and long pants to cover as much of yourself as possible. Always be sure to wear a protective mask. A hat, gloves, and layered clothing can help as well.

Concealment

An important part of many paintball games is your ability to hide. Camouflage is the obvious choice for this consideration, but keep in mind what type of terrain you're playing on. If you're in deep woods, standard camouflage will do the trick, but if you're playing in snow, you might want to wear more white, or a white-based camo. Choose clothing that blends in with the terrain. Also be sure to wear dark-colored shoes. Often your feet will be the first part of you that becomes visible; a bright white tennis shoe can give away your position easily.

Fit for the environment

It's easier to wear layers of long and heavy clothing when it's cold; but sometimes you might have to sacrifice protection because the weather is too hot. Even in hot weather, try to stick with long sleeves and long pants; just use lighter fabrics or some version of dry-fit blend. Choose footwear that will help you move most efficiently during the game as well. If you're playing inside, wear gym shoes; if you're outside, soccer cleats or football cleats can give you an advantage.

Tags: give advantage, keep mind, long pants, long sleeves, long sleeves long, much more, sleeves long

Paintball Camps In Michigan

Paintball allows players to shoot other people without grave consequences.

Paintball has soared in popularity throughout the United States. With participants ranging from 10-years old to adults, paintball has become a highly integrated part of many active Americans' lives. Camps devoted to paintball have sprouted throughout the country, including in Michigan.

SpringHill Camps

At SpringHill Camps in Evart, Mich., 3-1/2 wooded acres of paint-packed fun await visitors. Campers taking the paintball challenge are given a marker, mask and 100 paintballs. Paintballing is one of many activities available for campers at SpringHill Camps, which also offers snowboarding and other extreme sports.

SpringHill Camps

7717 95th Ave.

Evart, MI 49631

231-734-2616

springhillcamps.com/MI

Camp Lake Louise Extreme Paintball Camp

The Extreme Paintball Camp at Camp Lake Louise in Boyne Falls, Mich., is open to paintballers between seventh grade and adults, Extreme Paintball Camp is just one of 14 camps offered by Camp Lake Louise each summer.

Camp Lake Louise Extreme Paintball Camp

10750 Stafford Road

Boyne Falls, MI 49713

231-549-2889

camplakelouise.com/

EHBC Paintball Camp

A portion of the Echoing Hills Bible Camp, the EHBC Paintball Camp is in East Jordan, Mich. Eight separate camps run from April through October. Players must be at least 12 years old to participate and all players must bring their own equipment. There is no charge for the EHBC Paintball Camp but participants do have the option of purchasing CO2, paintballs or neck guards for a fee.

EHBC Paintball Camp

2669 Six Mile Lake Road

East Jordan, MI 49727

231-544-2928

echoinghillsbiblecamp.com/

Tags: Paintball Camp, Camp Lake, Camp Lake Louise, EHBC Paintball, EHBC Paintball Camp, Extreme Paintball